1989 Eagle Model 20 (Build #90052, Fleet #402)

Rugged good looks backed up with outstanding durability

(Click on photos to enlarge) - Images free to share and distribute but please acknowledge driverclassics.com.au

About This Eagle Model 20

This Driver Classics’ Eagle is a Model 20 built in Brownsville, Texas USA by Eagle Bus Manufacturing and was originally new to Lever Coach Lines, Queanbeyan NSW. Doug Lever ordered this Eagle Model 20, built new in RHD by Eagle in the USA, through Eagle Coach Sales Australia, a Greyhound Australia subsidiary. It was a standalone order and not part of a Greyhound multi-coach order. The RHD Eagle was driven on road from Brownsville TX to the port at Long Beach CA under the care of young Eagle employee, Daniel Lenz. A stop was made at Phoenix AZ for promotional photos.

The Eagle Model 20 was used by Lever Coach Lines on charter and extended tours throughout Australia along with interstate express, mostly for Greyhound. In 2000, Lever sold the Eagle to Narooma Bus Lines, NSW and it was later sold to collector Rob Verhagen, Gold Coast, QLD, before being acquired by Driver Classics in 2014. It was the last Eagle delivered in Australia and although it is a Model 20, it was designated as a Model 10LT RH to avoid re-assessment for Australian Design Rule requirements, as it was essentially the same as the Model 10.

Because the Eagle Model 20 was often on remote outback touring, many times driven by Doug himself, Doug had a bull bar fitted. Wildlife in remote outback Australia includes kangaroos, cows, brumbies (wild horses) and even camels. With Doug Lever’s approval, Driver Classics removed the bull bar in 2023 and replaced it with a bar that was originally on Doug’s Model 05.

This Eagle Model 20 is powered by a GM Detroit Diesel V6 2 stroke diesel, 552ci model 6V92TA, rear mounted in-line, with an Allison HT750 automatic transmission. Our Eagle Model 20 is presented in original Lever colours as a tribute to industry legend Doug Lever and his family - Dawn, Karen, and Bret.

The Story

The first Eagle was built in 1956 for Continental Trailways USA, as a competitor to Greyhound’s GM PD 4501 Scenicruiser. Transcontinental Bus System (Continental Trailways) had been working with Flxible since 1949 in developing coaches suitable for its use including the Flxible Vista Liner 100. Continental Trailways approached Flxible in 1954 to build a coach to match Greyhound’s Scenicruiser from Continental’s concepts and terms but could not come to an agreement with Flxible. After then approaching US builders Mack and GM without success, Continental shifted its search to Ireland, England, Holland, Belgium and France before going to West Germany. A number of German manufacturers including Neoplan were approached before they found a willing builder; Karl Kassbohrer AG based in New Ulm, West Germany.

In 1954 Continental Trailways acquired American Buslines and with it they inherited American’s stylized Eagle insignia that was used on the side of American’s fleet of primarily ACF-Brills. 'Eagle' was to become the brand name of Continental Trailways' new coach in 1956 and all would feature the stylized Eagle insignia on their sides.

Those early Eagles, dubbed Golden Eagles, owing to their golden aluminium panels, featured a rear viewing lounge, a galley, tables and a rather unusual front end design. They were powered by MAN V8 D1548 MTH diesel engines initially with pre-selector 6 speed ZF transmissions but later models had a 5 speed version.

Next in 1958 was the Silver Eagle, also built by Kassbohrer, which was more conventional in its body design and better suited to line haul work. Four 60-foot articulated Super Golden Eagles were produced in 1958 as well. They were powered by Rolls Royce horizontal diesel engines with ZF 10 speed transmissions. Regular production of the Kassbohrer Eagle was paused in 1959 due to Kassbohrer’s other commitments. Production records from Kassbohrer that have recently come to light reveal that Eagle production resumed in 1960, still under Kassbohrer, but finally concluded in May 1961.

Continental Trailways secured an arrangement with La Brugeoise, SA in Brugge, Belgium, where they agreed to build the Silver Eagle while Continental Trailways began construction of their own plant. La Brugeoise, SA introduced the Silver Eagle Model 01 in August 1961 with many new and updated features including a more conventional front and rear design. Engines for the La Brugeoise SA built Silver Eagles were from Cummins or Detroit Diesel and were fitted in the USA along with 4 speed Spicer transmissions.

By 1962, Continental Trailways own factory was fully operational in Brugge, Belgium. Continental Trailways called their new venture Bus and Car NV, and it assumed production from La Brugeoise, SA of the Silver Eagle Model 01 but with minor changes including a revised grille arrangement.

The Silver Eagle Model 05 commenced production in 1968 at Bus and Car NV, Belgium and was built there until 1976. Early production Silver Eagle Model 05s had a carry-over Model 01 body but adopted the Model 05 axle layout with the drive axle at the rear. The updated squared off look of the Model 05 was unveiled in 1969. In the late 1960s, Continental Trailways sold Bus and Car NV to Western Sales Company which later changed its name to Overseas Inns SA to raise cash for expansion of Trailways services in the USA. Continental Trailways retained exclusive rights to the Silver Eagle design and ownership of the jigs and building equipment and Bus and Car NV was contracted to continue building the Silver Eagle. In 1974, Bus and Car NV set up Eagle International in Brownsville, Texas USA to build the Model 05 in addition to the Belgian plant. The last year that Continental Trailways USA purchased Belgian built Eagles was 1976. As Golden Eagles were last produced in 1971, the Silver Eagle insignia was dropped in 1976 and “Silver Eagle” became known simply as “Eagle”.

In October 1977, Overseas Inns SA sold the Bus and Car NV Belgian plant to MOL NV, a heavy truck and trailer maker from Brugge, Belgium. MOL NV sold the remaining stock of Eagles it inherited from Bus and Car NV, most of which were built for Trailways USA but not taken, over the next 5 years to customers in Europe, Middle East, South Africa and Australia (Greyhound). A small number of around 50 Eagles were completely built by MOL NV.

In 1980, the Eagle Model 10 was introduced and by May 1981, New Trails Inc, a Trailways holding company, had taken full ownership of Eagle International back from Overseas Inns SA.. A new plant, Trailways Manufacturing Inc. Harlingen, Texas, which was around 25 miles from Brownsville, was opened in 1982 to meet extra demand but only operated for three years. A 102 inches wide Golden Eagle II (Model 15) was released in 1985 and in 1988, the 96 inches wide Eagle Model 20.

In 1987, Greyhound Lines USA became Eagle International’s parent company and Eagle continued with a strong sales performance through 1988 and 1989. But Greyhound Lines was struggling and by 1990, Greyhound Lines had declared bankruptcy, unfortunately bringing Eagle down with it. Eagle was then sold in 1991 to Mexican company, Corporative Empresarial de Mexico, that also operated Moto Diesel Mexicana (the Detroit Diesel licensee for Mexico) and was run under their subsidiary Grupo & Ruvesa S.A. De C.V.
Eagle production resumed under the new name of Eagle Coach Corporation in July 1992 but ceased in January 1998 when Grupo & Ruvesa S.A. De C.V. filed for bankruptcy. In 1998, Maplex purchased Eagle’s trademark and product line and attempted to relaunch Eagle as Eagle Coach intending primarily to focus on manufacturing spare parts. The mid-2000s saw Silver Eagle Bus get started but after producing one Model 25 of their own design, the venture was discontinued.

Eagles in Australia

Greyhound was the prime user of Eagles in Australia with the first Eagle Model 05s arriving in late 1973 and early 1974. Greyhound was established in Toowoomba, QLD Australia in 1928 by A.R. Penfold. It was A.R. Penfold’s son Russell that had the initiative to bring the Eagle coaches into Australia. All told, 40 Model 05s and 13 Model 10s were operated by Greyhound, a Model 05 for Batterham’s, a Model 15 (Europe number; plated as a Model 05 in Australia) for Trailer Tours and a Model 10 and a Model 20 (plated as a Model 10LT in Australia) for Lever Coachlines. Lever later acquired Batterham’s Model 05. An overall total of 57 Eagles operated in Australia and the first withdrawl from service of the Model 05s commenced in February 1990.

Both Greyhound’s Eagles and Pioneer’s MCIs were the flagship coaches for interstate express during the 70s and 80s in Australia, with both companies having routes that criss-crossed the country. Every long distance driver seemed to have an opinion on which coach they favoured, Eagle or MCI. One thing never disputed was the handling of the Eagle. The Eagle’s ‘torsilastic’ torsion bar suspension prevented the coach from leaning in corners and provided outstanding handling and ride. The downside was that unless the shock absorbers were in top condition the Eagles were sometimes known to have a bucking motion in their ride.

The different Eagle models

The most prolific and well known Eagle models were the Model 01, 05, 10 and 15 but Eagle built many other models over the years with some specific to particular markets and regions. Following is a list of all Eagle models with some basic notes.

Information referenced for this story was from Modern Intercity Coaches by Larry Plachno, Bus World’s Eagle Special and Eagles International by Joe Richards, Motorcoach Milestones by Robert L Smith, Daniel Lenz from Phoenix Coach Global and Bob Redden (Dec).

Complete Australian Eagle Fleet List
– COMPILED OCTOBER 21 2021 - UPDATED AUGUST 14 2023

This list, based on a hand written fleet table of unknown origin, was compiled by Gary Driver with assistance from Paul Wright, Russell Penfold, Norton Weir, Ian Lynas, Ralf Boetker, Daniel Lenz (USA) and Robert Smith (USA).

Unless noted otherwise, all Eagle Model 05s were powered by Detroit Diesel 8V71 engines with 4 speed Spicer transmissions, were 40 feet long and 98.5 inches wide.

Eagle Model 10s were powered by Detroit Diesel 6V92TA engines with Allison automatic transmissions, were 40 feet long and 96 inches wide.

Greyhound Australia state based operators:
Greyhound-Penfold refers to Greyhound QLD (Owner - Russell Penfold, Greyhound Australia). Operated 23 Model 05s (501-516 no 513, 524-531) and 8 Model 10s (1001-1008).
Greyhound-Stateliner refers to Greyhound SA (Owner - Alan Crawford, Stateliner and Premier). Operated 10 Model 05s (561-570) and 5 Model 10s (1051-1055).
Greyhound-Sinclair Northern refers to Greyhound VIC (Owners John Sinclair, Sinclair Coaches and Ron King, Northern Coachlines). Operated 7 Model 05s (551-557). Re-numbered (517-523) when ownership passed to Greyhound QLD

NOTES:

The original handwritten Australian fleet list shows another Model 05 from 1977, build # 9764, fleet #532, but its existence is unable to be substantiated so it has been omitted. There was no fleet #513 Model 05.

*The Eagle Model 05s that were new to Greyhound - Sinclair Northern in Victoria were numbered 551 through to 557 but were renumbered 517 through to 523 in 1982 when ownership passed to Greyhound - Penfold in Queensland.

**MOL NV (Bus and Car) Eagle Model 05s were built in 1977 by Bus and Car NV and were sold new by MOL NV to Greyhound Australia in 1982 after they converted them to Right Hand Drive (RHD).

Other Bus and Car NV built 1977 Eagle Model 05s and Model 15s were sold by MOL NV between 1977 and 1984 to European operators and some were later acquired by Greyhound Australia new from MOL NV and again converted to RHD by MOL NV before arriving in Australia plated as Model 05s. According to Eagle production records, build numbers 9759 and 9760 were allocated to Sima Tours, Belgium in 1980 but delivered new to Greyhound in 1983. Both of these Eagles have been visually noted in Australia with French writing inside.

Eagle production records identify build numbers 9761-63 were allocated to Centroturist, Belgrado Yugoslavia in 1981. Also listed alongside Centroturist is Flying Eagle, Cairo Egypt. It remains unclear why two companies were shown.

It is believed the only Eagle completely built by MOL NV on this list is Trailer Tours/Parramatta Ryde Bus Service 1977 Eagle Model 05, which arrived in Australia second hand from Ireland as a Model 15 in 1984 and then plated in Australia as a Model 05.

***According to Eagle production lists the same build number, 9754, was used by Bus and Car for Greyhound fleet #516, a 1977 Eagle Model 05 and later by MOL for Trailer Tours 1977 Model 15, later to be plated as an Eagle Model 05 for Australia. A different build number, 7087 has been visually noted on this Eagle in Australia, but that number was allocated to a Bus and Car built 1966 Eagle Model 01.

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